diff --git a/src/hooks/use-verge.ts b/src/hooks/use-verge.ts
index 7385438ad..8750eaaec 100644
--- a/src/hooks/use-verge.ts
+++ b/src/hooks/use-verge.ts
@@ -1,18 +1,15 @@
 import useSWR from "swr";
 
 import { getVergeConfig, patchVergeConfig } from "@/services/cmds";
-import {
-  getInitialVergeConfig,
-  setInitialVergeConfig,
-} from "@/services/preloaded-verge-config";
+import { getPreloadConfig, setPreloadConfig } from "@/services/preload";
 
 export const useVerge = () => {
-  const initialVergeConfig = getInitialVergeConfig();
+  const initialVergeConfig = getPreloadConfig();
   const { data: verge, mutate: mutateVerge } = useSWR(
     "getVergeConfig",
     async () => {
       const config = await getVergeConfig();
-      setInitialVergeConfig(config);
+      setPreloadConfig(config);
       return config;
     },
     {
diff --git a/src/main.tsx b/src/main.tsx
index 5db9a594a..2ef58c97b 100644
--- a/src/main.tsx
+++ b/src/main.tsx
@@ -14,15 +14,12 @@ import { BaseErrorBoundary } from "./components/base";
 import { router } from "./pages/_routers";
 import { AppDataProvider } from "./providers/app-data-provider";
 import { WindowProvider } from "./providers/window";
-import { getVergeConfig } from "./services/cmds";
+import { FALLBACK_LANGUAGE, initializeLanguage } from "./services/i18n";
 import {
-  FALLBACK_LANGUAGE,
-  cacheLanguage,
-  getCachedLanguage,
-  initializeLanguage,
-  resolveLanguage,
-} from "./services/i18n";
-import { setInitialVergeConfig } from "./services/preloaded-verge-config";
+  preloadAppData,
+  resolveThemeMode,
+  getPreloadConfig,
+} from "./services/preload";
 import {
   LoadingCacheProvider,
   ThemeModeProvider,
@@ -56,42 +53,6 @@ document.addEventListener("keydown", (event) => {
   }
 });
 
-let cachedVergeConfig: IVergeConfig | null = null;
-
-const detectSystemTheme = (): "light" | "dark" => {
-  if (typeof window === "undefined" || typeof window.matchMedia !== "function")
-    return "light";
-  return window.matchMedia("(prefers-color-scheme: dark)").matches
-    ? "dark"
-    : "light";
-};
-
-const getInitialThemeModeFromWindow = ():
-  | IVergeConfig["theme_mode"]
-  | undefined => {
-  if (typeof window === "undefined") return undefined;
-  const mode = (
-    window as typeof window & {
-      __VERGE_INITIAL_THEME_MODE?: unknown;
-    }
-  ).__VERGE_INITIAL_THEME_MODE;
-  if (mode === "light" || mode === "dark" || mode === "system") {
-    return mode;
-  }
-  return undefined;
-};
-
-const resolveInitialThemeMode = (
-  vergeConfig?: IVergeConfig | null,
-): "light" | "dark" => {
-  const initialMode =
-    vergeConfig?.theme_mode ?? getInitialThemeModeFromWindow();
-  if (initialMode === "dark" || initialMode === "light") {
-    return initialMode;
-  }
-  return detectSystemTheme();
-};
-
 const initializeApp = (initialThemeMode: "light" | "dark") => {
   const contexts = [
     <ThemeModeProvider key="theme" initialState={initialThemeMode} />,
@@ -115,80 +76,8 @@ const initializeApp = (initialThemeMode: "light" | "dark") => {
   );
 };
 
-const determineInitialLanguage = async (
-  vergeConfig?: IVergeConfig | null,
-  loadVergeConfig?: () => Promise<IVergeConfig | null>,
-) => {
-  const cachedLanguage = getCachedLanguage();
-  if (cachedLanguage) {
-    return cachedLanguage;
-  }
-
-  let resolvedConfig = vergeConfig;
-
-  if (resolvedConfig === undefined) {
-    if (loadVergeConfig) {
-      try {
-        resolvedConfig = await loadVergeConfig();
-      } catch (error) {
-        console.warn(
-          "[main.tsx] Failed to read language from Verge config:",
-          error,
-        );
-        resolvedConfig = null;
-      }
-    } else {
-      try {
-        resolvedConfig = await getVergeConfig();
-        cachedVergeConfig = resolvedConfig;
-      } catch (error) {
-        console.warn(
-          "[main.tsx] Failed to read language from Verge config:",
-          error,
-        );
-        resolvedConfig = null;
-      }
-    }
-  }
-
-  const languageFromConfig = resolvedConfig?.language;
-  if (languageFromConfig) {
-    const resolved = resolveLanguage(languageFromConfig);
-    cacheLanguage(resolved);
-    return resolved;
-  }
-
-  const browserLanguage = resolveLanguage(
-    typeof navigator !== "undefined" ? navigator.language : undefined,
-  );
-  cacheLanguage(browserLanguage);
-  return browserLanguage;
-};
-
-const fetchVergeConfig = async () => {
-  try {
-    const config = await getVergeConfig();
-    cachedVergeConfig = config;
-    setInitialVergeConfig(config);
-    return config;
-  } catch (error) {
-    console.warn("[main.tsx] Failed to read Verge config:", error);
-    setInitialVergeConfig(null);
-    return null;
-  }
-};
-
 const bootstrap = async () => {
-  const vergeConfigPromise = fetchVergeConfig();
-  const initialLanguage = await determineInitialLanguage(
-    undefined,
-    () => vergeConfigPromise,
-  );
-  const [vergeConfig] = await Promise.all([
-    vergeConfigPromise,
-    initializeLanguage(initialLanguage),
-  ]);
-  const initialThemeMode = resolveInitialThemeMode(vergeConfig);
+  const { initialThemeMode } = await preloadAppData();
   initializeApp(initialThemeMode);
 };
 
@@ -205,7 +94,7 @@ bootstrap().catch((error) => {
       );
     })
     .finally(() => {
-      initializeApp(resolveInitialThemeMode(cachedVergeConfig));
+      initializeApp(resolveThemeMode(getPreloadConfig()));
     });
 });
 
diff --git a/src/services/preload.ts b/src/services/preload.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..daeca5e56
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/services/preload.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+import { getVergeConfig } from "./cmds";
+import {
+  cacheLanguage,
+  getCachedLanguage,
+  initializeLanguage,
+  resolveLanguage,
+} from "./i18n";
+
+let vergeConfigCache: IVergeConfig | null | undefined;
+
+const detectSystemTheme = (): "light" | "dark" => {
+  if (typeof window === "undefined" || typeof window.matchMedia !== "function")
+    return "light";
+  return window.matchMedia("(prefers-color-scheme: dark)").matches
+    ? "dark"
+    : "light";
+};
+
+const getThemeModeFromWindow = (): IVergeConfig["theme_mode"] | undefined => {
+  if (typeof window === "undefined") return undefined;
+  const mode = (
+    window as typeof window & {
+      __VERGE_INITIAL_THEME_MODE?: unknown;
+    }
+  ).__VERGE_INITIAL_THEME_MODE;
+  if (mode === "light" || mode === "dark" || mode === "system") {
+    return mode;
+  }
+  return undefined;
+};
+
+export const resolveThemeMode = (
+  vergeConfig?: IVergeConfig | null,
+): "light" | "dark" => {
+  const initialMode = vergeConfig?.theme_mode ?? getThemeModeFromWindow();
+  if (initialMode === "dark" || initialMode === "light") {
+    return initialMode;
+  }
+  return detectSystemTheme();
+};
+
+export const setPreloadConfig = (config: IVergeConfig | null) => {
+  vergeConfigCache = config;
+};
+
+export const getPreloadConfig = () => vergeConfigCache;
+
+export const preloadConfig = async () => {
+  try {
+    const config = await getVergeConfig();
+    setPreloadConfig(config);
+    return config;
+  } catch (error) {
+    console.warn("[preload.ts] Failed to read Verge config:", error);
+    setPreloadConfig(null);
+    return null;
+  }
+};
+
+export const preloadLanguage = async (
+  vergeConfig?: IVergeConfig | null,
+  loadConfig: () => Promise<IVergeConfig | null> = preloadConfig,
+) => {
+  const cachedLanguage = getCachedLanguage();
+  if (cachedLanguage) {
+    return cachedLanguage;
+  }
+
+  let resolvedConfig = vergeConfig;
+
+  if (resolvedConfig === undefined) {
+    try {
+      resolvedConfig = await loadConfig();
+    } catch (error) {
+      console.warn(
+        "[preload.ts] Failed to read language from Verge config:",
+        error,
+      );
+      resolvedConfig = null;
+    }
+  }
+
+  const languageFromConfig = resolvedConfig?.language;
+  if (languageFromConfig) {
+    const resolved = resolveLanguage(languageFromConfig);
+    cacheLanguage(resolved);
+    return resolved;
+  }
+
+  const browserLanguage = resolveLanguage(
+    typeof navigator !== "undefined" ? navigator.language : undefined,
+  );
+  cacheLanguage(browserLanguage);
+  return browserLanguage;
+};
+
+export const preloadAppData = async () => {
+  const configPromise = preloadConfig();
+  const initialLanguage = await preloadLanguage(undefined, () => configPromise);
+  const [config] = await Promise.all([
+    configPromise,
+    initializeLanguage(initialLanguage),
+  ]);
+  const initialThemeMode = resolveThemeMode(config);
+  return { initialThemeMode };
+};
diff --git a/src/services/preloaded-verge-config.ts b/src/services/preloaded-verge-config.ts
deleted file mode 100644
index 96e76070b..000000000
--- a/src/services/preloaded-verge-config.ts
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
-let initialVergeConfig: IVergeConfig | null | undefined;
-
-export const setInitialVergeConfig = (config: IVergeConfig | null) => {
-  initialVergeConfig = config;
-};
-
-export const getInitialVergeConfig = () => initialVergeConfig;