fix: eliminate error flash on startup by distinguishing loading from error state

- Change TQ_MIHOMO retryDelay from fixed 2000ms to exponential backoff
  (200ms → 400ms → 800ms, cap 3s) so core-dependent queries retry faster
- Expose isCoreDataPending from AppDataProvider to distinguish between
  data still loading vs actual errors
- ClashModeCard: show placeholder instead of "communication error" while
  core data is pending
- CurrentProxyCard: show empty space instead of "no active node" while
  core data is pending

src-tauri/src/cmd/app.rs

@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
 use super::CmdResult;
-use crate::core::{autostart, handle};
+use crate::core::autostart;
-use crate::utils::resolve::ui::{self, UiReadyStage};
 use crate::{cmd::StringifyErr as _, feat, utils::dirs};
-use clash_verge_logging::{Type, logging};
 use smartstring::alias::String;
 use tauri::{AppHandle, Manager as _};
 
@@ -109,22 +107,3 @@ pub async fn download_icon_cache(url: String, name: String) -> CmdResult<String>
 pub async fn copy_icon_file(path: String, icon_info: feat::IconInfo) -> CmdResult<String> {
     feat::copy_icon_file(path, icon_info).await
 }
-
-/// 通知UI已准备就绪
-#[tauri::command]
-pub async fn notify_ui_ready() {
-    logging!(info, Type::Cmd, "前端UI已准备就绪");
-    ui::mark_ui_ready();
-
-    handle::Handle::refresh_clash();
-    let delayed_refresh_delay = std::time::Duration::from_millis(1500);
-    tokio::time::sleep(delayed_refresh_delay).await;
-    handle::Handle::refresh_clash();
-}
-
-/// UI加载阶段
-#[tauri::command]
-pub fn update_ui_stage(stage: UiReadyStage) {
-    logging!(info, Type::Cmd, "UI加载阶段更新: {:?}", &stage);
-    ui::update_ui_ready_stage(stage);
-}

src-tauri/src/lib.rs

@@ -149,8 +149,6 @@ mod app_init {
             cmd::start_core,
             cmd::stop_core,
             cmd::restart_core,
-            cmd::notify_ui_ready,
-            cmd::update_ui_stage,
             cmd::get_running_mode,
             cmd::get_auto_launch_status,
             cmd::entry_lightweight_mode,

src-tauri/src/utils/resolve/mod.rs

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ use crate::{
     config::Config,
     core::{
         CoreManager, Timer,
+        handle::Handle,
         hotkey::Hotkey,
         logger::Logger,
         service::{SERVICE_MANAGER, ServiceManager, is_service_ipc_path_exists},
@@ -22,7 +23,6 @@ use clash_verge_signal;
 
 pub mod dns;
 pub mod scheme;
-pub mod ui;
 pub mod window;
 pub mod window_script;
 
@@ -77,6 +77,7 @@ pub fn resolve_setup_async() {
             init_silent_updater(),
         );
 
+        Handle::refresh_clash();
         refresh_tray_menu().await;
     });
 }

src-tauri/src/utils/resolve/ui.rs

@@ -1,57 +0,0 @@
-use once_cell::sync::OnceCell;
-use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
-use std::sync::{
-    Arc,
-    atomic::{AtomicBool, AtomicU8, Ordering},
-};
-use tokio::sync::Notify;
-
-use clash_verge_logging::{Type, logging};
-
-// 获取 UI 是否准备就绪的全局状态
-static UI_READY: AtomicBool = AtomicBool::new(false);
-// 获取UI就绪状态细节
-static UI_READY_STATE: AtomicU8 = AtomicU8::new(0);
-// 添加通知机制，用于事件驱动的 UI 就绪检测
-static UI_READY_NOTIFY: OnceCell<Arc<Notify>> = OnceCell::new();
-
-// UI就绪阶段状态枚举
-#[repr(u8)]
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
-pub enum UiReadyStage {
-    NotStarted = 0,
-    Loading,
-    DomReady,
-    ResourcesLoaded,
-    Ready,
-}
-
-pub fn get_ui_ready() -> &'static AtomicBool {
-    &UI_READY
-}
-
-fn get_ui_ready_state() -> &'static AtomicU8 {
-    &UI_READY_STATE
-}
-
-fn get_ui_ready_notify() -> &'static Arc<Notify> {
-    UI_READY_NOTIFY.get_or_init(|| Arc::new(Notify::new()))
-}
-
-// 更新UI准备阶段
-pub fn update_ui_ready_stage(stage: UiReadyStage) {
-    get_ui_ready_state().store(stage as u8, Ordering::Release);
-    // 如果是最终阶段，标记UI完全就绪
-    if stage == UiReadyStage::Ready {
-        mark_ui_ready();
-    }
-}
-
-// 标记UI已准备就绪
-pub fn mark_ui_ready() {
-    get_ui_ready().store(true, Ordering::Release);
-    logging!(info, Type::Window, "UI已标记为完全就绪");
-
-    // 通知所有等待的任务
-    get_ui_ready_notify().notify_waiters();
-}

src-tauri/src/utils/resolve/window.rs

@@ -2,11 +2,7 @@ use dark_light::{Mode as SystemTheme, detect as detect_system_theme};
 use tauri::utils::config::Color;
 use tauri::{Theme, WebviewWindow};
 
-use crate::{
+use crate::{config::Config, core::handle, utils::resolve::window_script::build_window_initial_script};
-    config::Config,
-    core::handle,
-    utils::resolve::window_script::{INITIAL_LOADING_OVERLAY, build_window_initial_script},
-};
 use clash_verge_logging::{Type, logging_error};
 
 const DARK_BACKGROUND_COLOR: Color = Color(46, 48, 61, 255); // #2E303D
@@ -82,7 +78,6 @@ pub async fn build_new_window() -> Result<WebviewWindow, String> {
     match builder.build() {
         Ok(window) => {
             logging_error!(Type::Window, window.set_background_color(Some(background_color)));
-            logging_error!(Type::Window, window.eval(INITIAL_LOADING_OVERLAY));
             Ok(window)
         }
         Err(e) => Err(e.to_string()),

src-tauri/src/utils/resolve/window_script.rs

@@ -91,11 +91,3 @@ pub const WINDOW_INITIAL_SCRIPT: &str = r##"
 
     console.log('[Tauri] 窗口初始化脚本执行完成');
 "##;
-
-pub const INITIAL_LOADING_OVERLAY: &str = r"
-    const overlay = document.getElementById('initial-loading-overlay');
-    if (overlay) {
-        overlay.style.opacity = '0';
-        setTimeout(() => overlay.remove(), 300);
-    }
-";

src-tauri/src/utils/window_manager.rs

@@ -285,6 +285,7 @@ impl WindowManager {
     }
 
     /// 创建新窗口,防抖避免重复调用
+    /// 窗口创建后保持隐藏，由前端 index.html 在 overlay 渲染后调用 show，避免主题闪烁
     pub fn create_window(is_show: bool) -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output = bool> + Send>> {
         Box::pin(async move {
             logging!(info, Type::Window, "开始创建/显示主窗口, is_show={}", is_show);
@@ -293,23 +294,22 @@ impl WindowManager {
                 return false;
             }
 
-            let window = match build_new_window().await {
+            match build_new_window().await {
-                Ok(window) => {
+                Ok(_) => {
-                    logging!(info, Type::Window, "新窗口创建成功");
+                    logging!(info, Type::Window, "新窗口创建成功，等待前端渲染后显示");
-                    window
+
+                    #[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
+                    {
+                        handle::Handle::global().set_activation_policy_regular();
+                    }
+
+                    true
                 }
                 Err(e) => {
                     logging!(error, Type::Window, "新窗口创建失败: {}", e);
-                    return false;
+                    false
                 }
-            };
-
-            // 直接激活刚创建的窗口，避免因防抖导致首次显示被跳过
-            if WindowOperationResult::Failed == Self::activate_window(&window) {
-                return false;
             }
-
-            true
         })
     }
 

src/components/home/clash-mode-card.tsx

@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ const MODE_META: Record<
 export const ClashModeCard = () => {
   const { t } = useTranslation()
   const { verge } = useVerge()
-  const { clashConfig, refreshClashConfig } = useAppData()
+  const { clashConfig, isCoreDataPending, refreshClashConfig } = useAppData()
 
   // 支持的模式列表
   const modeList = CLASH_MODES
@@ -57,8 +57,11 @@ export const ClashModeCard = () => {
     if (currentModeKey) {
       return t(MODE_META[currentModeKey].description)
     }
+    if (isCoreDataPending) {
+      return '\u00A0'
+    }
     return t('home.components.clashMode.errors.communication')
-  }, [currentModeKey, t])
+  }, [currentModeKey, isCoreDataPending, t])
 
   // 模式图标映射
   const modeIcons = useMemo(

src/components/home/current-proxy-card.tsx

@@ -105,7 +105,8 @@ export const CurrentProxyCard = () => {
   const { t } = useTranslation()
   const navigate = useNavigate()
   const theme = useTheme()
-  const { proxies, clashConfig, refreshProxy, rules } = useAppData()
+  const { proxies, clashConfig, isCoreDataPending, refreshProxy, rules } =
+    useAppData()
   const { verge } = useVerge()
   const { current: currentProfile } = useProfiles()
   const autoDelayEnabled = verge?.enable_auto_delay_detection ?? false
@@ -911,7 +912,9 @@ export const CurrentProxyCard = () => {
         </Box>
       }
     >
-      {currentProxy ? (
+      {isCoreDataPending ? (
+        <Box sx={{ py: 4 }} />
+      ) : currentProxy ? (
         <Box>
           {/* 代理节点信息显示 */}
           <Box

src/index.html

@@ -11,27 +11,15 @@
     <title>Clash Verge</title>
     <style>
       :root {
-        --initial-bg: #f5f5f5;
+        --bg-color: #f5f5f5;
-        --initial-text: #333;
+        --text-color: #333;
-        --initial-spinner-track: #e3e3e3;
-        --initial-spinner-top: #3498db;
-        --bg-color: var(--initial-bg);
-        --text-color: var(--initial-text);
-        --spinner-track: var(--initial-spinner-track);
-        --spinner-top: var(--initial-spinner-top);
         color-scheme: light;
       }
 
       @media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
         :root {
-          --initial-bg: #2e303d;
+          --bg-color: #2e303d;
-          --initial-text: #ffffff;
+          --text-color: #ffffff;
-          --initial-spinner-track: #3a3a3a;
-          --initial-spinner-top: #0a84ff;
-          --bg-color: var(--initial-bg);
-          --text-color: var(--initial-text);
-          --spinner-track: var(--initial-spinner-track);
-          --spinner-top: var(--initial-spinner-top);
           color-scheme: dark;
         }
       }
@@ -53,48 +41,28 @@
         position: fixed;
         inset: 0;
         background: var(--bg-color);
-        color: var(--text-color);
-        display: flex;
-        flex-direction: column;
-        align-items: center;
-        justify-content: center;
         z-index: 9999;
-        font-family:
+        transition: opacity 0.2s ease-out;
-          -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, sans-serif;
-        transition: opacity 0.3s ease;
       }
 
       #initial-loading-overlay[data-hidden='true'] {
         opacity: 0;
         pointer-events: none;
       }
-
-      .initial-spinner {
-        width: 40px;
-        height: 40px;
-        border: 3px solid var(--spinner-track);
-        border-top: 3px solid var(--spinner-top);
-        border-radius: 50%;
-        animation: initial-spin 1s linear infinite;
-      }
-
-      @keyframes initial-spin {
-        0% {
-          transform: rotate(0deg);
-        }
-        100% {
-          transform: rotate(360deg);
-        }
-      }
     </style>
   </head>
   <body>
-    <div id="initial-loading-overlay">
+    <div id="initial-loading-overlay"></div>
-      <div class="initial-spinner"></div>
+    <script>
-      <div style="font-size: 14px; opacity: 0.7; margin-top: 20px">
+      if (window.__TAURI_INTERNALS__) {
-        Loading Clash Verge...
+        window.__TAURI_INTERNALS__
-      </div>
+          .invoke('plugin:window|show', { label: 'main' })
-    </div>
+          .catch(function () {});
+        window.__TAURI_INTERNALS__
+          .invoke('plugin:window|set_focus', { label: 'main' })
+          .catch(function () {});
+      }
+    </script>
     <div id="root"></div>
     <script type="module" src="./main.tsx"></script>
   </body>

src/pages/_layout.tsx

@@ -44,7 +44,6 @@ import { useThemeMode } from '@/services/states'
 import getSystem from '@/utils/get-system'
 
 import {
-  useAppInitialization,
   useCustomTheme,
   useLayoutEvents,
   useLoadingOverlay,
@@ -217,7 +216,6 @@ const Layout = () => {
   )
 
   useLoadingOverlay(themeReady)
-  useAppInitialization()
 
   const handleNotice = useCallback(
     (payload: [string, string]) => {

src/pages/_layout/hooks/index.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-export { useAppInitialization } from './use-app-initialization'
 export { useLayoutEvents } from './use-layout-events'
 export { useLoadingOverlay } from './use-loading-overlay'
 export { useNavMenuOrder } from './use-nav-menu-order'

src/pages/_layout/hooks/use-app-initialization.ts

@@ -1,112 +0,0 @@
-import { invoke } from '@tauri-apps/api/core'
-import { useEffect, useRef } from 'react'
-
-import { hideInitialOverlay } from '../utils'
-
-export const useAppInitialization = () => {
-  const initRef = useRef(false)
-
-  useEffect(() => {
-    if (initRef.current) return
-    initRef.current = true
-
-    let isInitialized = false
-    let isCancelled = false
-    const timers = new Set<number>()
-
-    const scheduleTimeout = (handler: () => void, delay: number) => {
-      if (isCancelled) return -1
-      const id = window.setTimeout(() => {
-        if (!isCancelled) {
-          handler()
-        }
-        timers.delete(id)
-      }, delay)
-      timers.add(id)
-      return id
-    }
-
-    const notifyBackend = async (stage?: string) => {
-      if (isCancelled) return
-
-      try {
-        if (stage) {
-          await invoke('update_ui_stage', { stage })
-        } else {
-          await invoke('notify_ui_ready')
-        }
-      } catch (err) {
-        console.error(`[Initialization] Failed to notify backend:`, err)
-      }
-    }
-
-    const removeLoadingOverlay = () => {
-      hideInitialOverlay({ schedule: scheduleTimeout })
-    }
-
-    const performInitialization = async () => {
-      if (isCancelled || isInitialized) return
-      isInitialized = true
-
-      try {
-        removeLoadingOverlay()
-        await notifyBackend('Loading')
-
-        await new Promise<void>((resolve) => {
-          const check = () => {
-            const root = document.getElementById('root')
-            if (root && root.children.length > 0) {
-              resolve()
-            } else {
-              scheduleTimeout(check, 50)
-            }
-          }
-          check()
-          scheduleTimeout(resolve, 2000)
-        })
-
-        await notifyBackend('DomReady')
-        await new Promise((resolve) => requestAnimationFrame(resolve))
-        await notifyBackend('ResourcesLoaded')
-        await notifyBackend()
-      } catch (error) {
-        if (!isCancelled) {
-          console.error('[Initialization] Failed:', error)
-          removeLoadingOverlay()
-          notifyBackend().catch(console.error)
-        }
-      }
-    }
-
-    const checkBackendReady = async () => {
-      try {
-        if (isCancelled) return
-
-        await invoke('update_ui_stage', { stage: 'Loading' })
-        performInitialization()
-      } catch {
-        scheduleTimeout(performInitialization, 1500)
-      }
-    }
-
-    scheduleTimeout(checkBackendReady, 100)
-    scheduleTimeout(() => {
-      if (!isInitialized) {
-        removeLoadingOverlay()
-        notifyBackend().catch(console.error)
-      }
-    }, 5000)
-
-    return () => {
-      isCancelled = true
-      timers.forEach((id) => {
-        try {
-          window.clearTimeout(id)
-        } catch (error) {
-          console.warn('[Initialization] Failed to clear timer:', error)
-        }
-      })
-      timers.clear()
-    }
-  }, [])
-}

src/pages/_layout/hooks/use-loading-overlay.ts

@@ -3,46 +3,15 @@ import { useEffect, useRef } from 'react'
 import { hideInitialOverlay } from '../utils'
 
 export const useLoadingOverlay = (themeReady: boolean) => {
-  const overlayRemovedRef = useRef(false)
+  const doneRef = useRef(false)
 
   useEffect(() => {
-    if (!themeReady || overlayRemovedRef.current) return
+    if (!themeReady || doneRef.current) return
-
+    doneRef.current = true
-    let removalTimer: number | undefined
-    let retryTimer: number | undefined
-    let attempts = 0
-    const maxAttempts = 50
-    let stopped = false
-
-    const tryRemoveOverlay = () => {
-      if (stopped || overlayRemovedRef.current) return
-
-      const { removed, removalTimer: timerId } = hideInitialOverlay({
-        assumeMissingAsRemoved: true,
-      })
-      if (typeof timerId === 'number') {
-        removalTimer = timerId
-      }
-
-      if (removed) {
-        overlayRemovedRef.current = true
-        return
-      }
-
-      if (attempts < maxAttempts) {
-        attempts += 1
-        retryTimer = window.setTimeout(tryRemoveOverlay, 100)
-      } else {
-        console.warn('[Loading Overlay] Element not found')
-      }
-    }
-
-    tryRemoveOverlay()
 
+    const timer = hideInitialOverlay()
     return () => {
-      stopped = true
+      if (timer !== undefined) window.clearTimeout(timer)
-      if (typeof removalTimer === 'number') window.clearTimeout(removalTimer)
-      if (typeof retryTimer === 'number') window.clearTimeout(retryTimer)
     }
   }, [themeReady])
 }

src/pages/_layout/utils/initial-loading-overlay.ts

@@ -1,45 +1,17 @@
-const OVERLAY_ID = 'initial-loading-overlay'
+let removed = false
-const REMOVE_DELAY = 300
 
-let overlayRemoved = false
+export const hideInitialOverlay = (): number | undefined => {
+  if (removed) return undefined
 
-type HideOverlayOptions = {
+  const overlay = document.getElementById('initial-loading-overlay')
-  schedule?: (handler: () => void, delay: number) => number
-  assumeMissingAsRemoved?: boolean
-}
-
-type HideOverlayResult = {
-  removed: boolean
-  removalTimer?: number
-}
-
-export const hideInitialOverlay = (
-  options: HideOverlayOptions = {},
-): HideOverlayResult => {
-  if (overlayRemoved) {
-    return { removed: true }
-  }
-
-  const overlay = document.getElementById(OVERLAY_ID)
   if (!overlay) {
-    if (options.assumeMissingAsRemoved) {
+    removed = true
-      overlayRemoved = true
+    return undefined
-      return { removed: true }
-    }
-    return { removed: false }
   }
 
-  overlayRemoved = true
+  removed = true
   overlay.dataset.hidden = 'true'
 
-  const schedule = options.schedule ?? window.setTimeout
+  const timer = window.setTimeout(() => overlay.remove(), 200)
-  const removalTimer = schedule(() => {
+  return timer
-    try {
-      overlay.remove()
-    } catch (error) {
-      console.warn('[Loading Overlay] Removal failed:', error)
-    }
-  }, REMOVE_DELAY)
-
-  return { removed: true, removalTimer }
 }

src/providers/app-data-context.ts

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ export interface AppDataContextType {
   proxyProviders: Record<string, ProxyProvider>
   ruleProviders: Record<string, RuleProvider>
   systemProxyAddress: string
+  isCoreDataPending: boolean
 
   refreshProxy: () => Promise<any>
   refreshClashConfig: () => Promise<any>

src/providers/app-data-provider.tsx

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ const TQ_MIHOMO = {
   refetchOnReconnect: false,
   staleTime: 1500,
   retry: 3,
-  retryDelay: 2000,
+  retryDelay: (attempt: number) => Math.min(200 * 2 ** attempt, 3000),
 } as const
 
 const TQ_DEFAULTS = {
@@ -41,13 +41,21 @@ export const AppDataProvider = ({
 }) => {
   const { verge } = useVerge()
 
-  const { data: proxiesData, refetch: refreshProxy } = useQuery({
+  const {
+    data: proxiesData,
+    isPending: isProxiesPending,
+    refetch: refreshProxy,
+  } = useQuery({
     queryKey: ['getProxies'],
     queryFn: calcuProxies,
     ...TQ_MIHOMO,
   })
 
-  const { data: clashConfig, refetch: refreshClashConfig } = useQuery({
+  const {
+    data: clashConfig,
+    isPending: isClashConfigPending,
+    refetch: refreshClashConfig,
+  } = useQuery({
     queryKey: ['getClashConfig'],
     queryFn: getBaseConfig,
     ...TQ_MIHOMO,
@@ -323,6 +331,9 @@ export const AppDataProvider = ({
 
       systemProxyAddress: calculateSystemProxyAddress(),
 
+      // core 数据加载状态
+      isCoreDataPending: isProxiesPending || isClashConfigPending,
+
       // 刷新方法
       refreshProxy,
       refreshClashConfig,
@@ -335,6 +346,8 @@ export const AppDataProvider = ({
   }, [
     proxiesData,
     clashConfig,
+    isProxiesPending,
+    isClashConfigPending,
     rulesData,
     sysproxy,
     runningMode,